Present tense

The Basics
Each verb has a basic "infinitive" ("to") form. This is the form of the verb you find in a German dictionary. The verb "to play" in English is the infinitive form. ("He plays" is a conjugated form.) The German equivalent of "to play" is spielen. Each verb has a "stem" form, the basic part of the verb left after you remove the -en ending. For spielen the stem is spiel- (spielen - en). To conjugate the verb—that is, use it in a sentence—you must add the correct ending to the stem. If you want to say "I play" you add an -e ending: "ich spiele" (which can also be translated into English as "I am playing"). Each "person" (he, you, they, etc.) requires its own ending on the verb. This is called "conjugating the verb." If you don't know how to conjugate verbs correctly it means your German will sound strange to people who understand the language. German verbs require more different endings than English verbs. In English we use only an s ending or no ending for most verbs: "I/they/we/you play" or "he/she plays." In the present tense, German has a different ending for almost all of those verb situations: ich spiele, sie spielen, du spielst, er spielt, etc. Observe that the verb spielen has a different ending in each of the examples. If you want to sound intelligent in German, you need to learn when to use which ending. That's why we have this chart for you!

German has no present progressive tense ("am going"/"are buying"). The German Präsens "ich kaufe" can be translated into English as "I buy" or "I am buying," depending on the context.

The chart below lists two sample German verbs—one an example of a "normal" verb, the other an example of verbs that require a "connecting e" in the 2nd person singular and plural, and the 3rd person singular (du/ihr, er/sie/es)—as in er arbeitet.
We have also included a helpful list of some representative common stem-changing verbs. These are verbs that follow the normal pattern of endings, but have a vowel change in their stem or base form (hence the name "stem-changing"). In the chart below, the verb endings for each pronoun (person) are indicated in bold type.

Now let's look at another German verb. This one is only slightly different from the others. The verb arbeiten (to work) belongs to a category of verbs that add a "connecting" e in the 2nd person singular and plural, and the 3rd person singular (du/ihr, er/sie/es) in the present tense: er arbeitet. Verbs whose stem ends in d or t do this. The following are examples of verbs in this category: antworten (answer), bedeuten (mean), enden (end), senden (send). (The more common verbs in this group are included on our 50 Common German Verbs page.) In the chart below we have marked the 2nd and 3rd person conjugations with *.

Future tense

Introduction
In German the future tense (das Futur) occurs less frequently than in English. Even more frequently than in English, German often substitutes the present tense for the future ("Wir sehen uns morgen." - "We'll see you tomorrow.") However, German verbs do follow an easy-to-learn and predictable pattern in the future tense. Once you learn the pattern for just about any German verb, you know how all German verbs are conjugated in the future. Even irregular verbs are no exception.
Das Futur I: The Basics
German uses the basic werden + infinitive formula to form DAS FUTUR. To conjugate any verb in the future, you simply conjugate werden and add the infinitive of the verb you want to have in the future. Basically, if you can conjugate werden, you can form the future tense of all verbs. The chart below shows a sample German verb in the future tense.

Futur II: The Basics (Future Perfect)
The future perfect is somewhat rare in German. To form the future perfect (das Futur II) in German, you take the past participle of the verb being conjugated (for example, gespielt/played) and use it with a conjugated form of werden. The infinitive of the helping verb (haben or sein) is placed at the end of the sentence: “Wir werden die ganze Nacht gespielt haben.” (We will have played all night.)

Future tense

Prepositions

English	German	pronounciation
on	auf
in	in
at	bei
since	seit
for	für
ago	vor
before	vor
to	zu
past	Vergangenheit
to/till/untill	to / bis / bis
by	durch
in	in
at	bei
on	auf
by, next to	durch, neben
under	unter
below	unten
over	über
above across	oben auf
through	durch
to	zu
into	in
towards	auf
onto	auf
from	aus
of	von
by	durch
on	auf
in	in
off	ab
out of	aus
by	durch
at	bei
about	über

Tall short beautiful lady girl boy dress ....

German	English	Pronounciation
Der Mann	The Man	Maan
Die Frau	The Women	Fraau
Herr	Mister	Herrr
Die Dame	Lady	Daamaa
Der Junga	Boy	Yunga
Die Madchen	Girl
Junges	Young	Yungas
Hubsche	Beautiful/Pretty	Houbsha
Ausshen	Handsome	aousshen
GoBert	Tall	Gohosa
Kleiner	Short	Kleyna
Wir	We	Wi yaa
schlank	Slim	schlyank
Haus	House	Haaus
HeiBt	Name is	Hyest
Jahre alt	years old	yagha aalt
Sehr	very	Seehr
Schon	Nice	Scchhon
Kleid	Dress	Klyd

Personal Pronoun

German	English	Pronounciation
Ich	I	Ish
Du	You	Duu
Er	He	E ya
Sie	She	Zee
Es	It	S

German	English	Pronounciation
Ich Spreche English.	I speak english	Sprich
Du spricht english.	you speak english	Spriichst
Er Spricht english.	He speaks English
Sie Spricht english.	She speaks English
Spricht du English?	Do you speak english?
Ich spreche kein english.	I do not speak English
Du Spricht kein English.	you do not speak English
Er Spricht kein english.	He doesn’t speak English.
Sie Spricht kein english.	She doesn’t speak English.

The pronouns listed below are in the nominative (subject) case. We will talk about their other forms and different cases in a later lesson. (Need help with grammar terms?

A special word about the "you" pronouns!

German, much more than English, makes a clear distinction between formal you (Sie) and familiar you (first name, du) in social situations. (Unlike English, most European and other languages also have both a formal and a familiar you.) In this regard, Germans tend to be more formal than English-speakers and use first names only after a long period of getting to know each other (sometimes years). This is a good example of how language and culture are intertwined, and you need to be aware of this to avoid embarassing yourself and others. In the table below, the familiar you forms (du, ihr) are marked with the abbreviation "fam." to distinguish them from the formal you (Sie).

NOTE: German has three different forms of sie! Often the only way to tell which one is meant is to notice the verb ending and/or the context in which the pronoun is used. Even the capitalized Sie (you, formal) is tricky if it appears at the beginning of a sentence. Lower-case sie can mean both "she" and "they": sie ist (she is), sie sind (they are).

http://german.about.com/library/anfang/blanfang02.htm

Jobs

German	English	Pronounciation
ich arbeite	I work	Ish R-byta
ich studiere	I study	Ish Studira
der Beruf	job	Boo HuF
Was sind Sie von Beruf?	What's your job?
der Lehrer, die Lehrerin	teacher	Dya Legha, D leghagan
der Arzt, die Ärztin	doctor	Dya Aaazt, D Aaaztin
der Ingenieur, die Ingenieurin	engineer	Dya Engineeya,D Engineeyan
der Student, die Studentin	student	Dya Student, D Studentin
der Mechaniker, die Mechanikerin	mechanic	Dya Mechanica, Dya Mechanicain
der Polizist, die Polizistin	police officer	Dya Polizist, D Polizistin
im Krankenhaus	in a hospital	im Khan kha naus
bei einer Firma	at, in a company	bei einer Firma
an der Universität	at, in (the) university	An Dya Universititat
in der Schule	at, in (the) school	in Dya Shoola
im Büro	at, in the office	in Bagho
ich lerne	I learn..., I'm studying...	ich Lyana
wo	where	Wo

Family

German	English	Pronounciation
hallo	hello	Hallo
Das ist...	This is...	Das Ist
mein, meine	my	Mine, Myna
der Mann	man, husband	Dya Maan
die Frau	woman, wife	D Fau
der Freund, die Freundin	friend	Dya Foind, D Foindin
und	and	und
Wie geht's?	How are you?	We gates
gut	good, fine	Gut
angenehm	pleased to meet you	AnGiNen
der Sohn	son	Dya Zoon
die Tochter	daughter	D Tochtaa
der Bruder	brother	Dya Budaa
die Schwester	sister	D Shwesta
der Kollege, die Kollegin	colleague	Dya kollega, D Kollegin
sehr süß	How sweet!	Zher Zhus
Wer ist das?	Who is this?	Way ist Das?